An Integrated Modeling Tool for Sustainable Space Exploration

Paper number

IAC-06-D3.3.01

Author

Ms. Sarah Shull, Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT), United States

Coauthor

Ms. Erica Gralla, Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT), United States

Coauthor

Dr. Olivier de Weck, Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT), United States

Year

2006

Abstract

In order to ensure that future human lunar and Mars exploration programs are both affordable and sustainable, it is essential to consider the impact of logistics, especially for long-duration and multiple mission campaigns. It is important that logistics be taken into account at an early stage in the design process, because the exploration architecture and vehicle design undoubtedly impact logistics-related operations costs. In order to understand the specific logistics costs associated with various exploration architecture choices, a modeling framework and planning tool for interplanetary space logistics is required. Terrestrial logistics and supply chain management is a highly-developed field; techniques for efficient supply chain management have been proven very effective in the business case. The wealth of information in this area can be applied to the interplanetary problem in order to develop a model for understanding space logistics. This paper describes the space logistics model developed by MIT, JPL, and others to understand the supply chain management problem for human lunar and Mars exploration.

The space logistics model’s purpose is to explore the tradespace of interplanetary logistics ‘solutions’ and thereby highlight supply chain architectures that lead to lower operations costs. The model seeks to quantify the differences between various types of logistics architectures, and decide what types of infrastructure are worth investment. For example, at this point it is unclear whether pre-positioned or carry-along architectures are superior, and whether an on-orbit refueling depot is a worthwhile investment. These decisions will have a major impact on the affordability and sustainability of any manned exploration programs.  This paper also discusses the results of trade studies performed using this tool.

Interplanetary logistics has not been previously modeled, so defining the model framework and scope is difficult. The basic elements of the model are, Movement (shipment of people, cargo, and vehicles), Demand (by supply class), Information architecture, Simulation and Optimization. Exploration architectures are modeled as a set of nodes (locations) and arcs (trajectories between these locations). Demand is generated at nodes; for example, a mission at a lunar surface node would generate demand for crew provisions, science equipment, etc.. Vehicles traverse arcs carrying supplies to satisfy the demand. Users can either manually define the shipment paths through the network, or ask an optimizer to find the best solution given a particular demand scenario. This framework provides an integrated planning and simulation tool for space logistics.  

Abstract document

IAC-06-D3.3.01.pdf

Manuscript document

IAC-06-D3.3.01.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).

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