Hygienic aspects of management and estimation of the ISS air environment quality in conditions of the international cooperation.

Paper number

IAC-09.A1.6.6

Author

Ms. Anna Pakhomova, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia

Coauthor

Dr. Lana Moukhamedieva, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia

Year

2009

Abstract

The experience by the Russian and the American toxicologists has shown efficiency of the international cooperation on quality management of the ISS air environment and has allowed to realize successfully development of program documents and the flight rules defining actions of crew at supernumerary situations in case of a fire and emission of toxic substances in the ISS atmosphere. 
 Now the concept for acceptance of optimum decisions on management of quality of the air environment and criteria of an estimation of its influence on health of crew are formulated. 
Application of the concept accepted by the ISS international partners on has positive significance because it allows to solve the questions of toxic levels ranging of effect on concentration and time of an exposition, and also questions of hygienic monitoring. 
Experience of hygienic maintenance of the air environment quality in conditions of cooperation has revealed also the basic problems demanding the decision. It is the main question of a toxicological estimation and hygienic maintenance of the air environment quality. Considering the ambiguousness of toxicological parameters estimation made by Russian and American experts in the field of space toxicology, harmonization of significances «zero and allowable» risk in digital value are conducted stage by stage by both countries experts.  
Perspective directions of work under perfection of the methodology of environment quality estimation are:
\begin{itemize}\item perfection of risks toxicological estimation and determination of their effective (digital) value;\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item updating and devising algorithms for toxicological evaluation of multimedia effects of a mixture of chemicals affecting human organism altogether (breathing air, regenerated potable water), and combined effects of radiation and chemical agents;\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item estimation of synergy interactions risk of radiating and chemical factors combined effects.\end{itemize}\end{itemize}
 The analysis of dynamics of the chemical impurities contents in the ISS air environment has shown that the basic attention for the air environment quality maintenance should be given to: 
\begin{itemize}\item development of unite for the international partners choice concept of applied in service systems working bodies and chemical reagents in the scientific equipment; \end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item development of restrictions to decrease the contribution of external and internal sources in the environment contamination.\end{itemize}
 The increase in a total chemical background of the OS air environment in conditions of the international cooperation is determined by: 
\begin{itemize}\item volume of delivered consignments and the scientific equipment;\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item number of joined to the OS modules and the additional environment contamination caused by mixing of the station and joined modules, cargo and transport ships air;\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item increase in the number of crew;\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}\item amount of works by crews outside of the station.
\end{itemize}

Abstract document

IAC-09.A1.6.6.pdf

Manuscript document

(absent)