A National Urban Information System - EO and GIS Concept
- Paper number
IAC-05-B1.4.01
- Author
Dr. Mukund Rao, Navayuga Spatial Technologies Pvt. Ltd., India
- Coauthor
Dr. Rajeev Jaiswal, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), India
- Coauthor
Dr. Vaddiparti Raghavswamy, National Remote Sensing Agency, India
- Coauthor
Dr. SK Pathan, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), India
- Coauthor
Dr. J.P. Singh, India
- Coauthor
Mr. KT Gurumukhi, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), India
- Year
2005
- Abstract
Urban areas are growing on a very fast rate in developing countries as well as developed world. It is estimated that by the end of this century, 50 percent population will live in urban areas, which are only 3 percent of the total landmass. In the present decade, at least 80 percent population growth occurs in towns and cities. The situation is more alarming in the developing nations, where 80 percent of the total population of the world will be there within the next 25 years. Such concentration trends in the demographic scenario of the developing world would surely subject its cities to greater risk to life and property due to extreme environmental stress and impending disasters. The proper management of these urban areas calls for accurate and vital information to be available on a regular basis to the decision-makers. Further, there is also an urgent need to organise spatial information systems for urban planning and management and ensure its connectivity and availability for urban areas through proper networks. The need is for an integrated urban information infrastructure, which will have a linked spatial and non-spatial database, and connected on networks for various services/decision-making. This information system should include some of the key areas like urban sprawl, urban land use, urban zoning, urban demography, urban environment, information on settlements, transportation, housing, water supply, sewerage, solid waste, power supply, services facilities etc. Assimilating the critical information on a shared common platform to help better planning and urban development is an important task. Lacking as they do in spatial perspective, most of the statistics derived to support the National Plans are not of much analytical value in this regard. A stage has perhaps reached when spatial organisation and management of settlements should be treated as an adjunct to the national task of development and not as an isolated activity. In India, as part of National Natural Resources Management System (NNRMS) programme, Ministry of Urban Development (MUD) has defined a project to establish the National Urban Information System (NUIS) for all the cities/town of the country. The main objective of the NUIS is to establish a comprehensive information system which will enable the urban local bodies to prepare Master/Zonal plans; administer towns/cities in a scientific manner and also for urban utilities management support. NUIS will prepare various maps at different scales using satellite/aerial data and GIS database of the town/cities towards supporting the master/development/zonal plans by the relevant town/city authority and monitor the health of town/cities by developing the urban indices. The National urban information system can be envisaged as a three-tired system addressing planning issues and management issues and must be able to cater to the overall needs of urban managers/town planners. These are Perspective Plan (20-25 years), Development Plan (5 years) and an Annual Plan (local authority). The database will be developed at three levels in the scale of 10,000 for Development/Master Plan; 2,000 for detailed town planning schemes and zonal plans; 1:1000 scale for utility GIS using specialized surveys of Ground Penetrating Radars (GPS) and available data, including ground surveys. Some of main sources of spatial data for base maps and land use maps would be from remotely sensed sources such as IRS-1D/P6, IKONOS, CARTOSAT and aerial photographs, which would be used for integration with conventional maps as well as statistical data for development of GIS data base. The NUIS will also enable the positioning and operations of a National Urban Observatory (NUO), therefore it includes base maps, thematic maps (spatial), non-spatial data etc and thus will be developed as integrated tool that will support for urban planning and management in each city. The paper discusses the NUIS framework, design and content standard of various layers and its attributes and implementation experiences with some initial studies.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
IAC-05-B1.4.01.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).
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