Combined use of Shuttle and ELV to minimise number of Shuttle flights required for ISS assembly
- Paper number
IAC-05-B4.5-D2.7.08
- Author
Mr. Jakub Ryzenko, Poland
- Year
2005
- Abstract
The paper analyses feasibility of an alternative approach to ISS assembly, based on combined use of Shuttle and expendable launch vehicles. To limit a number of Shuttle flights required, STS missions would focus on Shuttle-critical assembly operations, connecting to ISS not only components launched in Shuttle cargo bay but also those launched on ELVs and retrieved on orbit.
This approach would cause a number of technical and operational difficulties, but its potential advantages in terms of limiting number of Shuttle flights seems to justify wider consideration. In particular it may deserve attention as a contingency scenario in case future Shuttle operations face difficulties jeopardising ISS assembly calendar.
During ISS assembly Shuttle performs two separate operations: launches payload to orbit and assembles components with ISS (through docking and use of robotic arm). The cornerstone of the proposed approach is to conceptually separate both operations.
ISS components are not designed to be autonomous and they have to be assembled by Shuttle. On the other hand, the same does not have to be true for launching them. Selected ISS components may be launched on ELVs, retrieved on orbit by Shuttle and assembled to the Station. Single Shuttle mission should be able to assemble payloads currently planned for 2 or 3 separate missions.
The main argument against use of ELVs for ISS assembly is perceived need to redesign all components to accommodate them on different carrier and to address lack of proximity operations capability. Discussed approach addresses both issues: use of ELVs is proposed only for selected components, where redesign costs and time can be minimised; and Shuttle performs all assembly operations, eliminating a need to design automatic docking systems. This approach would result in focusing Shuttle missions on activities that only Shuttle can perform. All others, including EVA activities related to assembly, would have to be realised by ISS crew.
The analysis focuses on identification of advantages and difficulties of the proposed approach, taking into account both technical and economic dimensions. Potential implications of the proposed scenario for the current US policy emphasising space exploration and for interests of other ISS Partners are also analysed.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
IAC-05-B4.5-D2.7.08.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).
To get the manuscript, please contact IAF Secretariat.