Flight optimization of spaceborne equipment at manned stations – a reserve of increase of its tests efficiency
- Paper number
IAC-05-D1.3.03
- Author
Dr. Igor Sorokin, S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia, Russia
- Year
2005
- Abstract
Increase of efficiency of space vehicles onboard equipment tests is invariably actual problem of astronautics. Permanent and inevitable complication of space vehicles, including their onboard equipment, result in necessity of permanent perfection of its ground experimental optimization and flight tests methods. Fundamentally important reserve of their efficiency increase can be found due to entrainment in test process of a manned orbital complex crew. All cycle of space vehicle’s ground tests is covered with system of the feedforwards and the feedbacks, allowing to operate test process and to optimize it at each level of hierarchy, including end-to-end tests. In frames of the classical scheme, flight tests essentially differ from ground tests by absence of a feedback with lower levels of hierarchy. The investigator, in this case, deprives a capability of active effect on the tested system, the revealed defects and failures cannot be eliminated, and the system effectiveness decreases. Capability to resolve this problem appears only at realization of the equipment flight tests onboard manned space stations. The role of the investigator is assigned to the cosmonaut-operator having a high level of readiness for participation in test process. With the help of crewmembers practically any defects and failures of equipment available onboard can be eliminated. It means, that feedback control, typical for hierarchical structure of ground tests, are applied to a level of flight tests as well. Thus there is a peculiar convergence of test processes of the lowest levels of hierarchy on which the capability of detection and elimination of devices and units defects is provided, and the highest level of hierarchy ensuring data organization about functioning of all complex system in real conditions of space flight. Dynamics of system effectiveness is described with the help of various simulators at all levels of tests hierarchy. Points of transition from one level of tests to another one, on which the minimum of general time and cost of the tests necessary for transfer of system from a condition with initial efficiency to a condition with prescribed efficiency is provided, are found. It is shown, that convergent scheme provides increase in parameters of efficiency growth in comparison with the usual scheme of flight tests. On an example of "Priroda" remote sensing instrumentation complex of "Mir" orbital station it is shown, that at convergent tests fulfillment the efficiency of onboard equipment flight optimization can increase on 20-40Since cost of a space vehicle ground tests makes approximately 90
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
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