Express-diagnostics of cosmonauts’ microbiological status with the help of chromatography-mass spectrometry detecting
- Paper number
IAC-06-A1.5.08
- Author
Ms. Anna Pakhomova, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia
- Coauthor
Mrs. Lana Moukhamedieva, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia
- Coauthor
Mr. Viachheslav K. Ilyin, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia
- Year
2006
- Abstract
Timely and adequate estimation of the cosmonauts’ microbiological status is based on the determination of health "microbiological" card before the flight and monitoring during space flights, it is the key reference point for the choice of etiotropic therapy during the appearance of infectious-inflammatory processes that is especially important during the fulfillment of interplanetary flights. Promising, alternative to the classical method of bacteria cultivation, chromatography-mass spectrometry method will allow in a rapid {5 hours} regime to present the whole spectrum of microorganisms in biological samples according to the analysis of molecular fatty-acid markers. Chromatography-mass spectrometry method is a variant of genetic analysis because it is based on determination of genetically determined structures – fatty acids of the bacterium cell wall, the composition of which is conservative, the same as the DNA structure. The method is adapted for quantitative analysis of microbial communities in the organism tissues and is used for diagnostics, therapy and prophylaxis of infectious-inflammatory processes. With reference to space flight conditions, a kit is being developed for the possibility of taking and preserving of liquids biological samples {blood and saliva} from cosmonauts and returning of biological samples to Earth for their further analysis with the help of chromatography-mass spectrometry method. During the investigation the main objectives were as follows:
-development of the methodology of liquids biological samples taking with reference to the conditions of a space flight;
-development of the methodology of liquids biological samples preserving with reference to the conditions of a space flight.
The methodology of biological samples preserving foresees: -determination of the list of sorbent materials for liquids biological samples taking and preserving;
-drying of biological samples on the chosen sorbetn materials;
-engineering development of the kit for the possibility of biological samples delivery to Earth;
-extraction of biological samples from the sorbent materials for the conduction of chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis;
-selection of the criterion-relevant elements of chromatography-mass spectrometry program for the creation of the system of on-line control of the human microbiological status in artificially changed habitat.
This methodology was approved in on-ground experiments during long-term human isolation in a hermetical object and with the modeling of bed-rest. Analysis of the experimental material showed the advantage of chromatography-mass spectrometry method in comparison with the classical method in decoding of quantitative-qualitative spectrum of microflara and possibility of its promising use in the conditions of a space flight.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
IAC-06-A1.5.08.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).
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