Approaches to the development of medico-biological support for interplanetary missions
- Paper number
IAC-08.A1.3.3
- Author
Prof. Anatoly Grigoriev, RF SRC - Institute of Biomedical Problems of the RAS, Russia
- Coauthor
Dr. Anatoly N. Potapov, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia
- Year
2008
- Abstract
Mars and Moon are considered today as the most probable celestial bodies to be a target for interplanetary missions. Though the Moon is not as big as Mars, and located much closer to the Earth, many technical and medico-biological characteristics of missions to Moon are similar to those as to Mars. Development of special system of medico-biological support (MBS) happened to be one of the main requirements for realization of interplanetary piloted mission. Equipment, technologies and methods that have been successfully used in long-duration orbital flights can serve as prototypes for the component of the Mars MBS. However, taking in account considerably higher medical risk of interplanetary missions, the medico-biological technologies applied on orbital stations will need to be substantially advanced to meet the requirements of up-to-date technologies. Additionally, new technologies would have to be developed such as protective measures against space radiation, effective countermeasure means (including artificial gravity), autonomous closed life-support systems, nutritional, hygienic, microbiological products, means for quarantine and waste disposal. The important task for future researches is the development of Medical Centers for interplanetary vehicles and planetary bases, that should be based on the newest informational and telemedical technologies. All these tasks to a certain degree have got solutions in orbital flights, the results of which may contribute significantly to the development of the interplanetary missions’ MBS. Important approach to the development of ?BS for interplanetary missions is a wide use of results of onground simulation studies of negative effects of interplanetary flights’ factors. Appreciable experiences were collected in experiments HUBES, SFINCCS etc. The new experiment "MARS-500" now is under preparation at IBMP. Wide scope of biomedical questions that are important to be worked out for mission to Mars would be under investigation in this experiment. The satellite studies on monkeys of the effects of long-time exposition to radiation in Martian flight will be provided in parallel. According to widespread concept the Mars mission will preceded by flights to the Moon. These flights will give a good opportunity to test MBS technologies for Martian mission and investigate influences on the human body of hypogravity, space radiation, hypomagnetic environment, to acquire skills of piloting and EVA, to test autonomous systems of life- and medical support and to investigate psychological aspects of activity of cosmonauts under conditions of isolation and stress.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
IAC-08.A1.3.3.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).
To get the manuscript, please contact IAF Secretariat.