Susceptibility of stem cells to changed gravity depends on their commitment and differentiation
- Paper number
IAC-08.A1.6.11
- Author
Prof. Ludmila Buravkova, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russia
- Coauthor
Mr. Pavel Gershovich, Russia
- Coauthor
Ms. Yulia Gershovich, Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), Russia
- Coauthor
Mrs. Natalia Konstantinova, Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), Russia
- Year
2008
- Abstract
Advances in cell technologies and molecular biology permit to have a new vision on the mechanisms of cell gravisensitivity. One of the important question in this field is the effects of microgravity on stem cells. Using the embryonic stem cells as a model, we could understand the role of gravity in early development stages and morphogenesis. Experimental researches with adult mesenchymal stem cells help to clarify the involvement the mechanical factors into broad spectrum of microenvironmental influences that determinate progenitor commitment, differentiation and functional status. Moreover, it is very important to assume the input of adult stem cells in physiological disorders of bone, muscle, hemapoietic and immune systems in microgravity. We compared the primary and delay effects of simulated microgravity on different stages of ESC maturity. It was shown that the changes were more intensive and significant with ESC development progression in vitro (ESC colonies – embryonic bodies – spontaneous differentiation). At the same time, the early stage of morphogenesis is described by varied changes also depending on the stage of the development. The evaluation of the impact of 2D- and 3D-clinorotation on adult mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenic progenitors with different stages of commitment not only confirmed a decreased expression of the osteo-markers during spontaneous and induced osteogenesis but also revealed the complete loss of the possibility to produce 3-dimentional tissue-like structures in vitro during long duration exposures (up to one month) of cell cultures at simulated microgravity. At the same time, the early progenitors were less responsive to gravity environment changes. It could be associated with changes of focal adhesions and extracellular matrix reorganization during differentiation of osteogenic cell population. It should be mentioned that at the late stages, extracellular biochemical inductors and growth factors could not make up for the lost of gravity as one of important mechanical factor for this type of differentiation.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
IAC-08.A1.6.11.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).
To get the manuscript, please contact IAF Secretariat.