A Reflection Based Power Augmentation Concept for Fractionated Spacecraft Systems

Paper number

IAC-13,C3,2,6,x18597

Author

Dr. Chunshi FAN, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), China

Coauthor

Mr. Zhi LI, China

Coauthor

Dr. Yong Li, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), China

Coauthor

Prof.Dr. WEI YAO, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), China

Year

2013

Abstract

Fractionated Spacecraft System is a kind of networked satellite cluster, where several free-flying payload modules are supported by nearby-flying infrastructure modules supplying communications, data handling, guidance, power and other services. The models can be reconfigured, added, or exchanged independently from the others, even reused over several missions. In virtue of their distributive and unique flexible characteristics, fractionated spacecraft system is of great potential value in application missions of remote sensing, contingency succor, scientific exploration, etc. 
One of the disruptive technologies in Fractionated Spacecraft is wireless power transfer from energy service module to target power consumption modules. Previous investigated concepts include using lasers and microwaves. However, they both suffer an eclipse from low end-to-end efficiency far below 10%. Other approach involves high intensity sunlight beams collected by a high cost long lifetime central energy service module, where the beams are guided to trap terminals mounted on target modules where the optically transferred heat are captured and converted to electronic power. However, the concept requires complex optical systems and phase change material energy storage systems, which is unaffordable for small modules, especially those weighted 100kgs or below. More over, the target modules would require precise 3-axis attitude control ability in order to guarantee the beam receiver’s direction, as well as to avoid damage to components than the beam receiver by overheat. As a result, additional hardware and software expenses and attitude control constraints are imposed on the target module.
In this article, we propose a novel wireless power augmentation solution. The unconverted sunlight is gathered with relatively low-cost small-scale modular spacecraft with light-weighted inflatable thin-film reflective structure. The collected sunlight is collimated and aimed to the photovoltaic arrays on the shadowed surfaces of the target modules. Since no special beam trapping devices or prescriptive pointing directions are needed, the target module are easier to design and can achieve better miniaturization levels. Also the unwanted overheating issues are diminished. The scheme is especially suitable for micro/nano-satellite modules with body-mounted solar panels.

Abstract document

IAC-13,C3,2,6,x18597.brief.pdf

Manuscript document

IAC-13,C3,2,6,x18597.pdf (🔒 authorized access only).

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