Monitoring progressive disuse osteopenia attenuation in 90-day bedrest with heel mechanical vibration using ultrasound imaging scanning
- Paper number
IAC-14,A1,P,24,x26444
- Author
Prof. Yi-Xian Qin, State University of New York, United States
- Coauthor
Dr. Yi Xia, Stony Brook University, United States
- Coauthor
Dr. Jesse Muir, Stony Brook University, United States
- Coauthor
Dr. Wei Lin, Stony Brook University, United States
- Coauthor
Dr. Clint Rubin, Stony Brook University, United States
- Year
2014
- Abstract
Osteoporosis often occurs with along with both aging and unloading (e.g., space flight and bed rest), jeopardizing mineral density, microstructure and integrity of bone, leading to an increased risk of fracture. A way to combat this deterioration is to harness the sensitivity of bone to mechanical signals. This study evaluates the longitudinal effect of a dynamic mechanical loading through the heel on human bone in vivo during 90-day bed rest, monitored using a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) imaging and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in localized regions of interests, i.e., calcaneus. A total of 29 bed rest subjects were evaluated (11 control, 18 treatment) with a daily low magnitude, high frequency dynamic mechanical stimulation countermeasure. Both QUS and DXA detected longitudinal bone density and quality changes. Ultrasound Velocity (UV) decreased in the control group and increased in the treatment group, with an overall increase of 1.9% and 1.6% for 60 and 90 days bed rest (p=0.01) in treatment relative to control. A similar trend was found in broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), with a treatment benefit of 1.8% at day 60 and 0.5% at day 90 with respect to control (p=0.5). Bone Mineral Density (BMD) assessed by DXA decreased -4.50% for control subjects and -2.18% for loaded subjects showing a moderate effect (p=0.19). Significant correlations between QUS and DXA were observed, with a combined BUA and UV vs. BMD: r2=0.70. These results indicated that low magnitude, high frequency mechanical stimulation is capable at localized skeletal regions to mitigate bone loss induced by long term bed rest, and that these subtle alterations can be assessed by QUS imaging.
- Abstract document
- Manuscript document
(absent)