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  • Cardiovascular deconditioning during two months of bed rest: Comparison of wearable monitoring based on ballisto- and seismo-cardiography with MRI

    Paper number

    IAC-19,A1,IP,10,x53884

    Author

    Mr. Jeremy Rabineau, Belgium, Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Coauthor

    Mr. Amin Hossein, Belgium, Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Coauthor

    Ms. Federica Landreani, Italy, Politecnico di Milano

    Coauthor

    Ms. Roberta Egoriti, Italy, Politecnico di Milano

    Coauthor

    Prof.Dr. Enrico Gianluca Caiani, Italy, Politecnico di Milano

    Coauthor

    Prof. Jens Tank, Germany, DLR (German Aerospace Center)

    Coauthor

    Prof. Philippe van de Borne, Belgium, Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Coauthor

    Dr. Pierre-François Migeotte, Belgium, Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Year

    2019

    Abstract
    \noindent{\bf Introduction \& Aim:}\\
    
    \noindent{Long duration head-down ($-6^o$) bed-rest (HDBR) induces cardiovascular changes that simulate some aspects of space flights. The effects of a 60-day HDBR on the cardiovascular system were assessed with Cardiovector, a non-invasive wearable system combining multi-dimensional (6D) ballistocardiography (BCG) and seismocardiography (SCG), measuring cardiac induced vibrations on the surface of the skin. Cardiac MRI protocols were conducted in parallel, with the hypothesis that the expected decrease in stroke volume (SV) and left ventricle (LV) mass would correspond to a decrease in the BCG and SCG metrics. In addition, efficiency of the ESA-RSL JUMP countermeasure was evaluated.}\\
    
    \noindent{\bf Methods:}\\
    
    \noindent{23 healthy males were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to either a training group, performing regular sessions of physical exercise (JUMP), or to a control group (CTRL). A controlled breathing protocol (4, 6, 8, 10 seconds cycles) was imposed while recording 6D BCG (in the lumbar region) and dorsoventral SCG (at the apex) in parallel to ECG and plethysmography. Ensemble average was computed for all channels and respiratory protocols. The integral of the linear and rotational kinetic energies transferred to the BCG sensor by cardiac activity provided $KE_{Lin}$ and $KE_{Rot}$ metrics, respectively. In addition, LV mass and SV were measured with cardiac MRI. Linear mixed-effects models analysis was performed on the 8 s breathing protocols with baseline ($-4$ days), end ($58$ days) and recovery $+4$ days ($R+4$), subject and group as independent variables.}\\
    
    \noindent{\bf Results:}\\
    
    \noindent{After $58$ days of HDBR, significant changes ($p<0.05$) are seen in CTRL for SV ($-22\%$), LV mass ($-9\%$), BCG $KE_{Lin}$ ($-37\%$), and BCG $KE_{Rot}$ ($-26\%$). Changes in the JUMP group are less important and significant only for SV ($-12\%$), BCG $KE_{Lin}$ ($+14\%$), and BCG $KE_{Rot}$ ($-23\%$). At $R+4$, the different metrics tend to go back to baseline in both groups, while LV mass ($-7\%$) and BCG $KE_{Lin}$ ($-24\%$) in CTRL remained significantly lower.}\\
    
    \noindent{\bf Conclusions:}\\
    
    \noindent{This is the first study assessing the efficiency of multidimensional BCG as a marker of altered cardiovascular inotropic state together with cardiac MRI during a 60 days HDBR campaign. Consequences of cardiovascular deconditioning were observed with all these techniques, with enough sensitivity to differentiate the control and training groups. This study can be used as a validation of the ISS Cardiovector protocol and opens the path for such non-invasive wearable systems to be used for the follow-up of cardiovascular condition in planetary exploration.}
    Abstract document

    IAC-19,A1,IP,10,x53884.brief.pdf

    Manuscript document

    (absent)