Increased Glucose Transport On Erythrocytes Of The Venous Blood Of The Cosmonauts

Paper number

IAC-07-A1.3.-A1.4.09

Author

Prof. Rauf Gareev, Institute of Human Physiology, Kazakhstan

Year

2007

Abstract

3-4-fold increase of glucose taken up by erythrocytes of venous blood was found in the members of the crew, including Kazakhstan cosmonauts, on the landing day from the expedition to the orbital space station "Mir" (1991, 1994, 1998). At the moment, the concentration of total protein taken up by erythrocytes was substantially low. Glucose concentrations in blood plasma were about the upper level of the norm. After 8-10 days, glucose transport on erythrocytes was within the norm.
Our experiments were based on the previously discovered data on direct involvement of substances taken up by erythrocytes in transcapillary metabolism (Gareev, 1989). Our long-term experiments (since 1980) led to the discovery of adsorbtive and transport function of erythrocytes. According to one of the statements of this concept, as erythrocytes pass through arterioles mechanical exchange-mixing of substances from innerwall layer of molecules for the molecules adsorbed on erythrocytes occurs (Gareev, 1999, 2001). Therefore, erythrocytes-associated molecules are integrated into transcapillary metabolism, become the part of interstitual fluid and lymph. Adsorbtion-desorbtion of substances on erythrocytes was shown to be regulated within certain levels by the hormones of the thyroid and the adrenal gland. The most responsive
to injection of insulin was the concentration of adsorbed on erythrocytes glucose, then glucose level in plasma, and the least responsive was the concentration of glucose in the lymph from the thoracic duct. 
Increased transport of glucose on erythrocytes in the cosmonauts was possibly caused by intensification of energy metabolism in response to return of the organism into conditions of terrestial gravitation. Food intake impacts the uptake of glucose, cholesterol and other substances by erythrocytes. This has to be taken into consideration when comparing the data. Glucose "pushes" several substances from the surface of erythrocytes into plasma, and this phenomenon has to be taken into consideration when taking blood plasma tests in the cosmonauts. In our experiments, blood tests in the cosmonauts were taken every 10-18 hours after their landing. Probably, during first hours after landing the rates of transport of substances on erythrocytes were somewhat didderent. This issue will be clarified, if it is possible to take blood tests in the austranauts right after their landing from the space flight on the Shuttle-type crafts.

Abstract document

IAC-07-A1.3.-A1.4.09.pdf

Manuscript document

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